Black carbon is a major component of soot.

The United Nations Environment Program and the World Meteorological Organization, the U.N.’s voice on the state of earth’s atmosphere, said fast action on pollutants that will affect the climate significantly in the near term has a number of important health and other benefits.

Black carbon, ground level ozone and methane are “short-lived climate forcers,” control of which is important in limiting near-term global temperature rise.

Unlike carbon dioxide which can remain in the atmosphere for centuries, black carbon for example only lasts for days or weeks.

Protecting the near-term climate in turn is central to significantly cutting the risk of "amplified global climate change" linked with rapid and extensive loss of Arctic ice on both the land and at sea, U.N.E.P. said. Cutting back carbon dioxide, on the other hand, is crucial when talking about long-term temperature rise.

But in their new assessment, they said action on the gases mentioned will also bring a number of other benefits, including improved air quality and human health and higher crop yields.

Big cuts in emissions of black carbon will improve respiratory health, reduce hospital admissions and days lost at work due to sickness, says the assessment whose secretariat is provided by the Stockholm Environment Institute.

Close to 2.5 million premature deaths from outdoor air pollution could on average be avoided annually worldwide by 2030 with many of those lives saved being in Asia, it is estimated.

Big cuts in ground level ozone could also contribute to reduced crop damage equal to between one to four per cent of the annual global maize, rice, soybean and wheat production.

Following rapid execution of policies and actions to counter these gases, the planet could see reduced global warming by 0.5 degrees Celsius and reduce crop damage by one to four percent of annual global maize, rice, soybean, and wheat production.

Black carbon is made of particles that exist in the atmosphere and are a major component of soot. Ozone is a pollutant harmful to human health and ecosystems.

The assessment stated that there should be wider and faster implementation of proven emission reduction measures, but they cited that initial capital investments could be a challenge in some countries. They stress the strengthening of international policy and financing instruments. (L.J. Polintan)

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